比方说要为String增加一个cmpByLength方法,并且希望是静态的,可以创建一个StringEx.kt文件,里面这么写:
fun String.Companion.cmpByLength(a: String,b: String): Boolean { return a.length>b.length }
然后就可以在任意地方调用String.cmpByLength方法了。
为什么能这样做?
String源码:
public class String : Comparable<String>, CharSequence { companion object {} /** * Returns a string obtained by concatenating this string with the string representation of the given [other] object. */ public operator fun plus(other: Any?): String public override val length: Int /** * Returns the character of this string at the specified [index]. * * If the [index] is out of bounds of this string, throws an [IndexOutOfBoundsException] except in Kotlin/JS * where the behavior is unspecified. */ public override fun get(index: Int): Char public override fun subSequence(startIndex: Int, endIndex: Int): CharSequence public override fun compareTo(other: String): Int }
其中companion object,是实现静态方法的关键之一;让类中的某一个方法变成静态方法的调用方式,可以在companion object中追加方法。之后就可以通过kotlin将没有定义在任何类中的方法编译为静态方法的特性,也就是顶层方法,就可以实现静态方法啦~
(好像不放在额外的文件里也可以。。。)